Glossary

ClaimReview

A Schema.org type used to fact-check a specific statement, indicating the claim's author, the review's verdict, and the source of the fact-checking assessment.

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FACT-CHECKING STRUCTURED DATA

What is ClaimReview?

ClaimReview is a Schema.org structured data type that enables publishers to fact-check a specific statement by identifying the claim's author, the review's verdict, and the source of the fact-checking assessment.

ClaimReview is a CreativeWork subtype in the Schema.org vocabulary designed to annotate a fact-check of a discrete claim. It explicitly links the claimReviewed (the statement being evaluated) to an author and a reviewRating that delivers a verdict—such as True, False, or Misleading—using a standardized scale. This markup allows search engines and AI systems to surface fact-check summaries directly in results.

The structured data requires a url pointing to the full fact-check article and a datePublished timestamp. For AI-driven search, ClaimReview serves as a critical trust signal, enabling generative engines to cite authoritative debunking sources when responding to queries about disputed information. It is the foundational schema for combating misinformation at scale.

FACT-CHECKING STRUCTURED DATA

Key Properties of ClaimReview

The core Schema.org properties that define a fact-check, linking a specific claim to its author, the review verdict, and the publishing organization.

claimReviewed

The exact, full-text statement being fact-checked. This is the mandatory textual assertion under scrutiny.

Must be a short, direct quote or a close paraphrase of the original claim.
Avoid editorializing or summarizing; capture the precise wording.
Example: "The Earth is flat and surrounded by an ice wall."

author

The Person or Organization that made the original claim. This is distinct from the fact-checking publisher.

Use a nested Person type for individuals (politicians, social media users).
Use an Organization type for entities (companies, advocacy groups).
If the claim is anonymous or unattributed, this property can be omitted, but providing it strengthens the structured data's specificity.

reviewRating

A nested Rating object that defines the factual verdict. This is the structured core of the fact-check.

ratingValue: A numeric score (e.g., 1 for false, 5 for true).
bestRating / worstRating: The scale boundaries (e.g., 1 to 5).
alternateName: The human-readable verdict string (e.g., "False", "Mostly True", "Pants on Fire").
The alternateName is critical for search engine display.

url

The canonical URL of the full fact-checking article. This must be a page on the fact-checker's own domain.

Google requires this link to be publicly accessible and not blocked by robots.txt.
The page should contain the full analysis, methodology, and sources supporting the verdict.
This URL serves as the definitive citation for the AI model or search engine.

itemReviewed

A Claim object that packages the statement under review. This is the technical wrapper for the claimReviewed text.

Use @type: Claim to explicitly define the entity being evaluated.
Nest the claimReviewed text and author within this object.
This structural separation allows a single ClaimReview to reference a distinct Claim entity, enabling entity linking across multiple reviews of the same statement.

publisher

The Organization that conducted and published the fact-check. This is the authoritative source.

Must include a nested Organization type with a name and url.
The url should point to the fact-checking organization's homepage.
For credibility, the publisher should be a verified signatory of the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN) or a similar recognized body.

FACT-CHECKING MARKUP

Frequently Asked Questions

Technical answers to common implementation questions about the ClaimReview structured data type for fact-checking organizations and publishers.

ClaimReview is a Schema.org structured data type specifically designed to fact-check a discrete statement by indicating the claim's author, the review's verdict, and the authoritative source of the assessment. It works by wrapping a fact-checking article's core metadata—the claim text, the claimant, the review rating, and the URL of the full fact-check—into a machine-readable JSON-LD or Microdata block. When a search engine crawler parses this markup, it extracts the structured assertion and can display a rich result, such as a "Fact Check" badge, directly in search engine results pages. This markup is critical for Generative Engine Optimization because it provides AI-driven overviews with a high-confidence, verifiable data point that can be cited when summarizing contested narratives. The claimReviewed property holds the exact statement being evaluated, while reviewRating uses a numeric scale and textual label to convey the verdict, such as "False" or "Mostly True."

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About the author

Prasad Kumkar

CEO & MD, Inference Systems

Prasad Kumkar is the CEO & MD of Inference Systems and writes about AI systems architecture, LLM infrastructure, model serving, evaluation, and production deployment. Over 5+ years, he has worked across computer vision models, L5 autonomous vehicle systems, and LLM research, with a focus on taking complex AI ideas into real-world engineering systems.

His work and writing cover AI systems, large language models, AI agents, multimodal systems, autonomous systems, inference optimization, RAG, evaluation, and production AI engineering.

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ClaimReview

What is ClaimReview?